Practitioner-focused guides on emission factor databases, selection methodology, and annual updates. Independent, no-nonsense, written from real reporting experience.
A research-based assessment of oil spills, refinery fires, nuclear-site hazards, desalination disruption, and the long environmental shadow of military escalation in the Persian Gulf.
Read articleEEIO models demystified (USEEIO, EXIOBASE, CEDA), the inflation deflator nobody applies, where spend-based quietly breaks, and how the 2026 GHG Protocol tier disclosure changes the game for Scope 3 reporting.
Read articleThe GHG Protocol is rewriting Scope 3 for the first time since 2011 — 95% coverage floors, a new Category 16, and formalised data quality tiers. Plus: grids are decarbonising faster than any prior forecast, and what to expect from DEFRA, NGA, and EPA in 2026.
Read articleEnforcement has accelerated across Australia, the UK, the EU, and North America. A practical guide to what greenwashing means, the current legal landscape, common failure points, and building a defensible sustainability claims process.
Read articleThe foundation guide. The formula, the three scopes, why factors differ by region and year, where to find them — everything you need before reading anything else on this site.
Read articleAn independent comparison of the six major emission factor databases. Covers scope, cost, geography, update frequency, and when to use each — with a practical decision framework for GHG practitioners.
Read articleA practitioner's breakdown of the major emission factor updates for the 2025 reporting cycle — NGA hydrogen factors, DEFRA's largest reductions in years, and EPA's new T&D loss percentages.
Read articleStep-by-step guidance on selecting the right emission factor for any activity — matching reporting frameworks, location-based vs market-based electricity, the NGA vs IPCC decision, and unit conversion traps to avoid.
Read articleA practitioner's guide to the emission factors that matter for Australian mining — diesel and explosives (Scope 1), state-by-state electricity (Scope 2), and the Scope 3 categories the sector routinely misses.
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